Spital Clinic offers comprehensive care for women experiencing heavy periods (menorrhagia), a condition characterised by abnormally heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding.
The information provided in this article is for educational purposes only and is based on NHS recommendations. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor or a qualified healthcare provider for advice on medical conditions or treatments.
Menorrhagia, also known as heavy periods, is a common gynaecological condition in which a woman experiences excessively heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding. While the duration and amount of menstrual flow can vary from person to person, menorrhagia is typically defined as blood loss of more than 80ml per menstrual cycle or periods lasting longer than 7 days.
Heavy periods can be caused by a variety of factors, including hormonal imbalances, uterine fibroids, polyps, adenomyosis, bleeding disorders, and certain medications. In some cases, the exact cause of menorrhagia may be unknown (dysfunctional uterine bleeding). Menorrhagia can affect women of any age but is most common in those approaching menopause (perimenopause) due to hormonal fluctuations.
Diagnosing menorrhagia typically begins with a thorough medical history and a discussion of the woman's menstrual cycle and symptoms. The healthcare provider may ask questions about the duration and heaviness of periods, the presence of clots, and any associated pain or other symptoms. A physical examination, including a pelvic exam, may be conducted to assess the uterus and identify any abnormalities.
To determine the underlying cause of heavy periods, several tests may be recommended. These can include blood tests to check for anaemia, thyroid disorders, or bleeding disorders; ultrasound or hysteroscopy to visualise the uterus and identify structural abnormalities such as fibroids or polyps; and endometrial biopsy to rule out precancerous or cancerous changes in the uterine lining. In some cases, additional imaging tests, such as MRI, may be necessary to provide a more detailed assessment of the pelvic organs.
Treatment for menorrhagia depends on the underlying cause, the severity of symptoms, and the woman's age and reproductive goals. In cases where an identifiable cause, such as uterine fibroids or polyps, is found, treating the specific condition may help alleviate heavy bleeding. Non-surgical treatment options for menorrhagia include hormonal therapies, such as combined oral contraceptives, progestin-only pills, or the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS), which can help regulate menstrual cycles and reduce blood loss. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may also be prescribed to reduce menstrual flow and alleviate pain.
In cases where medical management is ineffective or contraindicated, surgical options may be considered. These include endometrial ablation, a minimally invasive procedure that destroys the uterine lining to reduce or eliminate menstrual bleeding; uterine artery embolisation, a procedure that blocks blood supply to the uterus to decrease bleeding; and hysterectomy, the surgical removal of the uterus, which is typically reserved for severe cases or when other treatments have failed. The choice of treatment will depend on individual circumstances and should be made in consultation with a healthcare provider.
Several factors can increase a woman's risk of experiencing heavy periods. These include age (being perimenopausal or postmenopausal), family history of menorrhagia, certain medical conditions (such as thyroid disorders, bleeding disorders, or pelvic inflammatory disease), uterine abnormalities (such as fibroids, polyps, or adenomyosis), use of certain medications (such as anticoagulants or hormonal treatments), and lifestyle factors (such as obesity or a sedentary lifestyle). Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or those who have recently had an intrauterine device (IUD) inserted may also be at a higher risk of developing menorrhagia.
Heavy periods can have a significant impact on a woman's physical, emotional, and social well-being. The excessive blood loss can lead to anaemia, causing fatigue, weakness, and reduced concentration, which can affect work performance and daily activities. Women with menorrhagia may also experience anxiety or embarrassment due to the fear of leaking or the need for frequent sanitary protection changes. The condition can limit participation in social events, exercise, and intimate relationships, leading to feelings of isolation and decreased quality of life. Additionally, the financial burden of purchasing large quantities of sanitary products can be significant. Seeking medical advice and exploring treatment options can help women with menorrhagia regain control over their menstrual health and improve their overall well-being.
We provide a comprehensive range of services, from private GP consultations and specialised men's and women's health care to advanced ultrasound scans and proactive health screenings, all within a reassuring and state-of-the-art environment.
You have a question about Heavy Periods? We have an answer.
Yes, heavy periods can lead to iron-deficiency anaemia, a condition in which the body lacks sufficient healthy red blood cells to transport oxygen effectively. During menstruation, the body loses blood, which contains iron. If the blood loss is excessive or prolonged, as in the case of menorrhagia, the body's iron stores can become depleted, resulting in anaemia. Symptoms of anaemia include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, and dizziness. If left untreated, anaemia can have serious health consequences. Women with heavy periods should consult their healthcare provider to monitor for anaemia and discuss appropriate management strategies, which may include iron supplementation and treatment of the underlying cause of menorrhagia.
It is important to consult a healthcare provider if you experience any of the following: Menstrual bleeding that soaks through one or more pads or tampons every hour for several consecutive hours, Need to change sanitary protection during the night, Menstrual periods lasting longer than 7 days, Passing blood clots larger than a 10p coin, Heavy menstrual flow interfering with daily activities, Symptoms of anaemia, such as fatigue, shortness of breath, or pallorPelvic pain or cramping that is not relieved by over-the-counter pain medication, Irregular menstrual cycles or sudden changes in menstrual flow. Seeking prompt medical attention can help diagnose the underlying cause of heavy periods and initiate appropriate treatment to alleviate symptoms and prevent potential complications.
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Our medical centre is at 36 Spital Square, E1 6DY, City of London.
