Spital Clinic offers comprehensive care for women with fibroids, benign tumours that develop in the uterine muscle.
Fibroids, also known as leiomyomas or myomas, are non-cancerous growths that develop within the muscular tissue of the uterus. They can vary in size, ranging from small, pea-sized masses to larger tumours that can distort the shape of the uterus. Fibroids are extremely common, with up to 80% of women developing them by the age of 50.
The exact cause of fibroids is unknown, but they are thought to be influenced by hormonal factors, particularly oestrogen and progesterone. Fibroids tend to grow during a woman's reproductive years and often shrink after menopause when hormone levels decline. While fibroids are not typically dangerous, they can cause a range of symptoms that can impact a woman's quality of life.
Diagnosing fibroids typically begins with a pelvic exam, during which the healthcare provider will feel for any abnormalities in the size or shape of the uterus. If fibroids are suspected, imaging tests may be recommended to confirm the diagnosis and determine the location and size of the growths.
The most common imaging tests for diagnosing fibroids include transvaginal ultrasound, which uses sound waves to create images of the uterus, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which provides detailed pictures of the pelvic organxs. In some cases, a hysteroscopy, a procedure that involves inserting a thin, lighted tube through the cervix to visualise the inside of the uterus, may be necessary to evaluate fibroids that are causing symptoms such as heavy bleeding.
Treatment for fibroids depends on several factors, including the size and location of the growths, the severity of symptoms, and the woman's age and desire for future pregnancy. In some cases, fibroids may not require treatment if they are small and not causing significant symptoms.
For women who experience symptoms, treatment options may include:
Several factors can increase a woman's risk of developing fibroids, including age (being in your 30s or 40s), family history (having a mother or sister with fibroids), race (being of African descent), obesity, and a diet high in red meat and low in fruits and vegetables. Additionally, women who have never given birth or have a later age at first pregnancy may be more likely to develop fibroids.
Fibroids can have a significant impact on a woman's quality of life, both physically and emotionally. Heavy menstrual bleeding can lead to anaemia, fatigue, and a need to constantly change sanitary products. Pelvic pain and pressure can make daily activities and exercise uncomfortable, while frequent urination and constipation can be disruptive and embarrassing. Some women with fibroids may also experience difficulty conceiving or carrying a pregnancy to term. Seeking prompt medical care and exploring treatment options can help alleviate symptoms and improve overall well-being.
Spital Clinic is a multidisciplinary clinic offering high quality and accessible services such as Private GP, Ultrasound Scans, Women's Health, Men's Health and Health Screenings.
You have a question? We have an answer.
The vast majority of fibroids are benign (non-cancerous) and do not increase the risk of uterine cancer. However, in extremely rare cases (less than 1 in 1,000), a type of cancerous tumour called leiomyosarcoma can develop in the uterus. These tumours are not believed to arise from pre-existing fibroids, and they are typically diagnosed based on their rapid growth and appearance on imaging tests. Regular pelvic exams and monitoring of fibroid growth can help detect any unusual changes that may require further investigation.
While most women with fibroids are able to conceive naturally, some fibroids can interfere with fertility, depending on their location and size. Submucosal fibroids, which grow into the uterine cavity, can distort the endometrial lining and make it more difficult for an embryo to implant or develop. Intramural fibroids, which grow within the uterine wall, can also impact fertility if they are large enough to alter the shape of the uterine cavity or obstruct the fallopian tubes. In some cases, surgical removal of fibroids (myomectomy) may be recommended to improve fertility outcomes.
The likelihood of fibroids recurring after treatment depends on the specific type of treatment and individual factors. After a myomectomy, there is a 15-30% chance that new fibroids will develop, although these growths may not necessarily cause symptoms. Uterine artery embolization (UAE) and hormonal medications can effectively shrink fibroids but do not entirely eliminate the possibility of regrowth. Hysterectomy is the only definitive treatment that completely removes the risk of fibroid recurrence, as the uterus is surgically removed. Discussing the potential for fibroid recurrence with your healthcare provider can help you make an informed decision about your treatment options.
Untreated fibroids can lead to worsening symptoms and complications over time. It is important for individuals with fibroids to have regular follow-ups with their healthcare provider to monitor the condition and discuss appropriate treatment options if necessary.
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Our medical centre is at 36 Spital Square, E1 6DY, City of London.
