Private COPD Experts In London.

What is COPD?

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-term respiratory condition characterised by obstructed airflow from the lungs. This obstruction makes breathing difficult and can lead to chronic bronchitis and emphysema. The primary cause of COPD is smoking, but long-term exposure to air pollutants and occupational hazards can also contribute. Both COPD and asthma are chronic respiratory conditions that involve airway inflammation and can cause breathing difficulties, but they require distinct management approaches.

COPD causes inflammation and damage to the airways and air sacs in the lungs, leading to symptoms like shortness of breath, chronic cough, and wheezing. The condition progresses over time and can significantly impact daily life if not managed properly.

Causes of COPD?

• Smoking: The chemicals in tobacco smoke irritate and inflame the airways, leading to chronic bronchitis (inflammation of the bronchial tubes) and emphysema (destruction of the tiny air sacs in the lungs). This damage obstructs airflow and makes breathing difficult. ‍
• Air pollution: Long-term exposure to air pollutants like particulate matter, ozone, and nitrogen dioxide can also irritate and damage the lungs, increasing the risk of COPD. ‍
• Occupational exposure: People working in environments with dust, fumes, or chemicals are at higher risk. Miners, construction workers, and those in the chemical industry are examples of professions with increased exposure. ‍
• Genetics: In rare cases, a genetic condition called alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency can cause COPD, even in nonsmokers. This deficiency leads to low levels of a protein that protects the lungs.

Symptoms of COPD?

Diagnosis of COPD?

Diagnosing COPD involves a thorough medical history review and physical examination. At Spital Clinic, our GPs will ask about your symptoms, smoking history, and exposure to lung irritants. This initial assessment helps determine the need for further testing. Spirometry is the most common test used to diagnose COPD. It measures how much air you can inhale and exhale and how quickly you can exhale. Additional tests, such as chest X-rays and blood tests, may also be conducted to assess lung health and rule out other conditions.

Management of COPD?

Avoid smoking and second hand smoke: This is the most crucial step in preventing COPD. If you smoke, quitting is the best thing you can do for your lungs.

Protect yourself from air pollution: If air quality is poor, limit your time outdoors or wear a mask designed to filter out pollutants.

Occupational safety: If you work in an environment with dust, fumes, or chemicals, use protective gear like masks and ventilators as recommended.

Get vaccinated: Annual flu shots and pneumococcal vaccines can help prevent lung infections that can worsen COPD.