Prostate Cancer Screening

1 in 4 black men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in their lifetime.

At Spital Clinic, we encourage men to be proactive about their health and consider the importance of prostate cancer screening. Prostate Cancer is the most common cancer in men in the UK but in line with black history month, we want to bring awareness to how this can impact those of Afro-Caribbean background.  

Prostate cancer is a significant and escalating global health concern. Over 400,000 men die annually from metastatic prostate cancer worldwide, a figure projected to double by 2040. Furthermore, it's estimated that a similar number of men experience treatment-related health issues for over a decade after their diagnosis (Lancet 2021; 398:1075).

While prostate cancer often develops without noticeable symptoms in its early stages, regular screening can identify potential issues before they progress. This allows for timely intervention and a wider range of treatment options.

Who should talk to their doctor about screening?

• ALL men over 50: Age is a primary risk factor for prostate cancer. ‍
• Those with a family history: Having a father or brother with prostate cancer increases your risk. ‍
• Men of African or Caribbean descent: This demographic faces a higher risk of developing prostate cancer and are at higher risk of more aggressive prostate cancer  ‍
• Smoking ‍
• BRCA2 gene –seen in families with breast, ovarian and prostate cancer

Why should I be particularly interested if I am Afro-Caribbean?  

According to research conducted by Prostate Cancer UK – one if four black men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer but only 20% of are aware of this. It has been recommended by the NHS that in order to increase screening, black men should be invited for prostate cancer screening younger at 45 and screening should be done regularly.  

What are the symptoms of prostate cancer?  

• Urinary issues: Frequent urination, especially at night, difficulty starting urination, weak or interrupted urine flow, painful or burning urination, or blood in the urine 

• Erectile and ejaculatory issues: Difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection, painful ejaculation, or blood in the semen 

• Pain: Pain in the hips, back, chest, or other areas 

• Other symptoms: Weakness or numbness in the legs or feet, loss of bladder or bowel control, weight loss, or feeling very tired 

If cancer has spread to the bone, the most common symptom is bone pain, which can be a dull ache or stabbing pain. The pain can be constant and wake you up at night. Your bones might also become weaker and more likely to break. 

What does screening involve? Prostate cancer screening typically includes a PSA (prostate-specific antigen) blood test and may also include a digital rectal exam (DRE). These tests help assess the health of your prostate and identify any potential concerns. You may also decide to do an ultrasound scan for extra reassurance.

What if I don’t want a rectal examination? Please be re-assured that if this is not something you wish for, than it is not crucial for assessment of your risk for prostate cancer. We can talk you through different options and your own personal risk factors and a blood test can be sufficient.  

Understanding your results:

If your screening results indicate a potential issue, our team will discuss the next steps, which may include referral to a specialist.

Final Thoughts

Prostate cancer remains one of the most common cancers affecting men, particularly those of Afro-Caribbean descent. Early screening is key to catching the disease in its most treatable stages. By being proactive and getting regular prostate exams, especially if you're over 50 or have risk factors, you significantly increase your chances of successful treatment. At Spital Clinic, we offer discreet, efficient prostate screenings to help you stay on top of your health. Don’t wait for symptoms to arise—early detection saves lives.

Useful Resources

1. NHS Prostate Cancer Screening: Learn more about prostate cancer screening and what to expect during your examination.
   
2. Prostate Cancer UK: A comprehensive resource for prostate cancer information, including statistics, support, and advice for men at risk.
   
3. Cancer Research UK – Prostate Cancer: Get the latest research, treatment options, and support for prostate cancer patients and their families.
   
4. The Lancet – Prostate Cancer Mortality: A detailed study on the global impact of prostate cancer, with future projections and important insights.
   

‍