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The information provided in this article is for educational purposes only and is based on NHS recommendations. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor or a qualified healthcare provider for advice on medical conditions or treatments.

What is an Ovarian cyst?

Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop on or inside the ovaries. They are common and often harmless, but can sometimes cause complications. Most ovarian cysts are functional cysts, which form during the normal menstrual cycle. There are several types of ovarian cysts, including Follicular Cysts, Corpus Luteum Cysts, and Dermoid Cysts. Some cysts may resolve on their own, while others may require medical intervention. Understanding the nature of ovarian cysts is crucial for proper management.

How is an Ovarian cyst diagnosed?

Diagnosing ovarian cysts typically involves a combination of physical examination and imaging tests. Your doctor may perform a pelvic exam to check for any swelling or tenderness in the ovarian area. This initial assessment can help determine if further investigation is necessary. Imaging tests, such as ultrasound, are the primary tools for diagnosing ovarian cysts. Transvaginal ultrasound provides detailed images of the ovaries and can reveal the size, location, and composition of cysts. In some cases, additional tests like CT scans or MRI may be recommended for a more comprehensive evaluation.

What Are The Main Symptoms Of an Ovarian cyst?

  • Pelvic pain or discomfort
  • Bloating or swelling in the lower abdomen
  • Pain during sexual intercourse
  • Changes in menstrual patterns
  • Frequent urination or difficulty emptying the bladder
  • Lower back pain
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Breast tenderness
  • Unexplained weight gain
  • Fatigue or weakness
  • How Is an Ovarian cyst Treated?

    Risk factors for ovarian cysts include hormonal imbalances, endometriosis, pelvic infections, and a family history of ovarian cysts or ovarian cancer. Certain fertility treatments may also increase the likelihood of developing cysts. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and regular gynaecological check-ups can help manage these risks.

    What Are The Risk Factors For an Ovarian cyst?

    Risk factors for ovarian cysts include hormonal imbalances, endometriosis, pelvic infections, and a family history of ovarian cysts or ovarian cancer. Certain fertility treatments may also increase the likelihood of developing cysts. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and regular gynaecological check-ups can help manage these risks.

    How does an Ovarian cyst affect your life?

    Ovarian cysts can impact various aspects of a woman's life, from physical discomfort to emotional stress. Pain and bloating may interfere with daily activities and exercise routines. Some women experience changes in their menstrual cycle or fertility. The uncertainty surrounding cysts can also cause anxiety. However, with proper management and support, many women lead normal, healthy lives with ovarian cysts.

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    Frequently Asked Questions

    You have a question about Ovarian Cysts? We have an answer.

    Can Ovarian Cysts affect fertility?

    Most ovarian cysts don't impact fertility. However, certain types, like endometriomas, may affect conception. Discuss fertility concerns with your doctor.

    Are Ovarian Cysts cancerous?

    The vast majority of ovarian cysts are benign. However, a small percentage can be malignant. Regular check-ups help detect any concerning changes.

    Can lifestyle changes prevent Ovarian Cysts?

    While you can't always prevent cysts, maintaining a healthy weight and avoiding smoking may reduce risk. Regular exercise can also help balance hormones.

    Types of Ovarian Cysts

    Follicular (Functional) cysts: Develop when a follicle doesn't release an egg and continues to grow.
    Corpus Luteum (Functional) cysts: Form when the follicle releases an egg but then reseals and fills with fluid.
    Dermoid Cysts: These develop from cells present from birth and can contain tissue like hair, skin, or teeth.
    Cystadenomas: These grow on the surface of the ovary and can become quite large.
    Endometriomas: These form when endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus and attaches to the ovaries.

    Complications of Ovarian Cysts

    While most ovarian cysts are harmless, some can lead to complications:
    Ovarian Torsion: Large cysts can cause the ovary to twist, cutting off its blood supply.
    Rupture: Cysts can burst, causing severe pain and internal bleeding.
    Infection: If a cyst becomes infected, it can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease.
    Fertility Issues: Some cysts, particularly endometriomas, may impact fertility.

    Diagnosis Process of Ovarian Cysts

    Pelvic Exam: This can detect swelling on the ovary.
    Ultrasound: Transvaginal or abdominal ultrasounds provide detailed images of the ovaries.
    Blood Tests: These can check hormone levels and screen for cancer markers.
    CT Scan or MRI: These may be used if more detailed images are needed.

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